This book presents a comprehensive history of Iron Technology in India. It covers the long span of Indian history stretching over roughly three and a half millennia from the first half of the second millennium BCE to pre-modern times. One can trace the de 1st ed. 272p., 23cm.

Contents: Preface. I. Introduction. II. The background-emergence of iron in ancient world: 1. Iron in and around Mesopotamia. 2. Iron in Central Asia. 3. Iron in Iran. 4. The late bronze age-early iron age on Indian borderlands. III. Origin and dispersal of iron in India: 1. Literary evidence. 2. Archaeological evidences of iron in India. 3. Metallurgical evidence. IV. From copper to iron-growth of metallurgy: 1. Metallic iron-a by product of copper and lead smelting. 2. Iron vis-a-vis copper technology. 3. Reasons for adoption of iron. 4. A review of situation in ancient cultures. 5. Ore of iron. 6. Slags and production mechanics. 7. Metallurgical processes. V. Metals and metallurgy of iron in the antiquity:1. From wrought iron to steel. 2. Metals and metallurgy of iron: ethnological observations. VI. Iron ores in India, their mining and cultural correlation: 1. Iron ore distribution in India. 2. Traces of Ancient mining activities. 3. Discussion and correlations. VII. Towards the age of iron: 1. Early iron age. 2. Middle iron age. 3. Late iron age. Conclusion. Bibliography. Index. "The beginning of metallurgy is a landmark in man's march towards civilization. The advent of iron was a high water mark of technological advancement made by humankind. The metallurgical skill of ancient Indian iron craftsmen manifests itself in the colossal Delhi iron pillar the Konark beams, the Dhar pillar, and the wootz steel, erroneously called the Damascus steel till recently. The present book deals with the diverse dimensions of iron technology in

Contents: 1. Environmental contamination and human health risks/P.K. Goel. 2. Ecohydrological features of the Ganga river/R.J. Rao, B.K. Sahu, S.K. Bahera and R.K. Pandit. 3. Microbial contamination of drinking water sources : a real hazard in modern India/S.R. Naik. 4. Conservation and monitoring of coastal and inland areas for fisheries and aquaculture/A.S. Ninawe. 5. Acid rain and plants/B. Singh and M. Agrawal. 6. Environmental problems in and around opencast coal mines/R.S. Yadav, M. Agrawal and P. R.Yadav. 7. Plant growth and development in arid environment of NW India/R. S. Singh. 8. Insects and environment/T.C. Narendran. 9. Ecological distribution of rodents in desert environment/R.S. Tripathi, M. Idris and B.D. Rana. 10. Pesticides/M. Venkateshwarlu. 11. Biochemical effects of pollutants on fish/G. Tripathi and P. Verma. 12. Studies on fluoride, aluminium and arsenic toxicity in mammals and amelioration by some antidotes/N.J. Chinoy. 13. Involvement of radicals in atmospheric reactions and chemical toxicity : an overview/V. Tripathi. 14. Chelating agents and their use in metal poisoning/S.J.S. Flora, S.N. Dube and S.K. Tandon. 15. Agricultural and environmental aspects of poultry waste management/S.C. Talashilkar, A.A.K. Dosani and A.G. Powar. 16. Plant fossils as marker of palaeoenvironment/J. Pandey. 17. Key elements of environment-oriented Cost Management (EoCM)/F. Kolling. 18. Chemical toxicity and health hazards/Y.C. Tripathi, G. Tripathi and P. Verma. 19. Environmental legislation : Indian context/K.M. Tripathi, N.K. Chaubey and

Contents: Preface. Introduction. 1. Vedic Literature. 2. The Upanisads. 3. Number of Upanisads. 4. Period of Upanisads. 5. Themes and motifs. 6. Methodology of Upanisads. 7. Upanisads and Buddhist philosophy. 8. Upanisads and modern science. 9. Holistic philosophy. 10. Isopanisad-an introduction. Text, translation and notes. No. 30250

Contents: Foreword/G.C. Pande. Preface/Aruna Tripathi. Introduction/S.P. Gupta. I. Backdrop: 1. Location and identification. 2. Kausambi as centre of trade and traffic. 3. Kausambi as a prominent centre of art activities. 4. Previous works. II. History of Kausambi: 1. Literary sources. 2. Accounts of foreign travellers. 3. Archaeological sources. III. Buddhism in Kausambi: 1. Traditions about Buddha's visits to Kausambi. 2. Royal patronage. 3. Buddhist establishments in and near Kausambi. 4. Schism in the Sangha and Kausambi. IV. Early archaeological, explorations and excavations at Kausambi. V. Sculptures from Kausambi: documentation: 1. Objects pertaining to Mauryan period. 2. Objects pertaining to Sunga period. 3. Objects pertaining to late Sunga- early Kusana phase. 4. Objects pertaining to Kusana period. 5. Objects pertaining to late Kusana -early Gupta phase. 6. Objects pertaining to Gupta period. 7. Coloured visuals. VI. Sculptures from Kausambi: an appraisal: 1. Mauryan art. 2. Sunga art. 3. The late Sunga-early Kusana art: transitional phase. 4. Kusana art. 5. The late Kusana-early Gupta art: transitional phase. 6. Gupta art. 7. Images of female devotees. 8. Mother and child images. 9. Heads of devotees and Bodhisattvas. VII. Stone and stone-carving: a study of types and techniques: 1. Stone. 2. Quarrying. 3. Carving technique. VIII. Summary and conclusions: 1. The Kausambi region: Vatsabhumi. 2. Archaeological sites and excavations. 3. Art tradition at Kausambi: historical and economic background. 4. Buddhism in Kausambi:

Contents: Preface. 1. Biodiversity of vermiresources/G. Tripathi and P. Bhardwaj. 2. Dynamic potentials of vermiresources/G. Tripathi, P. Bhardwaj and V.B. Lal. 3. Vermiculture biotechnology/S.C. Talashilkar, R.G. Kadam, A.A. Todkari, P.V. Inamdar and R.V. Dhopavakar. 4. Enchytraeid bioresources/V.B. Lal and G. Tripathi. "The Vermiresource Technology is a small and handy compilation for a wider audience interested in learning and popularization of this ecologically sound, economically viable and socially acceptable technology. Biodiversity of vermiresources has been described in detail. Historical origin, species diversity, distribution, biology, ecological categories and richness, habitat diversity, seasonal dynamics, role in soil enrichment and soil biodiversity improvement, agricultural sustainability, land bioremediation, conversion of negative assets into profits and toxicological assessments have been nicely presented. Usefulness of vermiresources in waste decomposition, biofertilizer generation, protein, food, drug and vitamin production and environmental detoxification has been mentioned. There is a detailed chapter on vermiculture biotechnology which deals with the methods for mass multification of vermiresources and their induction into vermicomposting, production of nutrient rich vermifertilizer, and role of vermicompost in mineralization of soil nutrients and maintenance of soil fertility. Effects of vermicompost on crop production and preparation of vermiwash by a designed unit and its application for increasing

Contents Preface. 1. Introduction. 2. The backdrop Indian business. 3. Merchants during the imperial crisis. 4. The age of the agency houses. 5. Experiments in Indo British partnership. 6. The western scenario. 7. The beginning of a new age. 8. An insane interlude. 9. Rise of the industrial elite. 10. The beginnings of modern business. 11. Developing an identity. 12. Towards maturity. 13. Expatriates and multinationals. 14. During the war and beyond. 15. Technology choices in colonial India. 16. Business and politics in colonial India. 17. Business enterprise in free India. 18. Summing up. Appendices i. Samples of managing agency arrangements. ii. Fifty largest business groups in the private sector in 1997. iii. Fifty largest public sector undertakings in 1997. iv. Current names of places mentioned in the text. Bibliography. Index. The Growing importance of business in the economic and social life of the country notwithstanding research on the formative phases of Indian business is almost non existent. The Oxford History of Indian Business is one of the first to provide an analysis of the roots of modern business practices in India and of the forces that shaped the features and characteristics that distinguish business today. Illustrated with rare pictures this authoritative history of Indian business in the modern period charts the course of the transition of Indian business from mercantile capitalism to industrial capitalism. Using the socio economic and political developments in the eighteenth century often considered the cradle of the strategies and structures which characterize Indian business today as the backdrop Professor Tripathi discusses the aftermath of the imperial crisis the onslaught of the industrial revolution and its impact on India the rise of the managing agency system and the beginning of industrial capitalism. Subsequent chapters analyse the development of joint stock firms the rise of new industrial elite promulgation of company laws setting up on modern banking systems and the course of Indian business during the first world war the depression and the second world war. Professor Tripathi goes on to discuss growth of business in free India the emergence of the public sector changing managerial structures technological choices and the development of business education. The response of Indian business to the call of globalization and liberalization and the emerging business potential of India in the new millennium are presented bringing the analysis up to present times. The narrative is enriched by case studies of successful business houses and personalities illustrating their role in the evolution of business in India. Thoroughly researched and engagingly written this volume has been extensively cross referenced and the narrative complemented by additional readings and detailed indices. Scholars and students of business management and business history management professionals economists business journalists publicists and foreign investors will all find this comprehensive volume a useful reference. General readers interested in business history and Indian business and its development will enjoy this work.

Shri Rama permeates the Indian psyche and ethos. Not only has his life inspired a large number of literary works in many Indian and Asian languages but also even the illiterate Indian knows couplets from the Ramacharitmanas. However the primary source of the Rama saga is Valmeeki's Ramayana in Sanskrit which is the basis of this well researched fictional portrayal of this great soul. Rama is the epitome of traditional values and propriety hence the epithet maryada purushottama an excellent man of propriety. The novel covers all important events of his life and presents them in a lively readable manner. What is special is the human treatment of the God. A rewarding work of fiction delightful and instructive. The appendices clarify some of the controversial issues in the Rama saga. The book will ennoble and at places move the reader to tears. This book is the English translation of much acclaimed Hindi novel Ramagatha which has been translated into other Indian languages also.

Contents Preface. 1. Archaeology underwater. 2. Remote sensing for underwater archaeological exploration. 3. Stone anchors. 4. Traditional boats of Lakshadweep. 5. Arikamedu underwater investigations. 6. Elephanta Island ancient port and amphorae. 7. Mahabalipuram underwater exploration. 8. Dvaraka literature and archaeology. 9. Bet Dwarka a coastal site. 10. Excavation of princes Royal. Appendices 1. The UNESCO convention on the protection of the underwater cultural heritage (2001). 2. The ICOMOS charter on the protection and management of underwater cultural heritage. Index. Vast water area in and around India is exceptionally rich in underwater cultural heritage. This book is aimed to provide firsthand information about this nascent branch of archaeology. The book provides an introduction with the subject with information on recent advances made in this field. Results of the fieldworks at Mahabalipuram and Arikamedu in the Bay of Bengal and Elephanta in the Arabian Sea reveal important information to understand the mechanism of overseas commerce with Mediterranean world seafaring activities in Indian Ocean and coastal changes. Study of Dwarka Bet Dwarka and Mahabalipuram also generate valuable data for the scientific study of shoreline changes and their effect on the coastal monuments. Excavation of an eighteenth century shipwreck princes Royal at 54m depth with detailed documentation in the Arabian Sea tells about the status of underwater archaeology and deep living capabilities. The UNESCO convention and ICOMOS charter on Underwater Cultural Heritage would be useful for the protection and preservation of the underwater cultural heritage. Profusely illustrated with underwater photographs line drawings and maps this book embodied the latest researches in marine archaeology and will fascinate not only the scholars and serious students but also the common reader.

Contents Preface. 1. The perception. 2. The outlook. 3. The fundamentals. 4. Basic issues. 5. Historical background. 6. Development and growth. 7. Great pioneer. 8. Partner in freedom movement. 9. Champion of nationalism. 10. Historic change. 11. Various dimensions. 12. Pathway to independence. 13. Paced growth. 14. Political activism. 15. New Role. 16. Post independence era. 17. Critical years. Bibliography. The birth of Indian journalism dates back to the nationalist movement in the country. The earlier scribes were propelled and instigated with nationalist spirit. An Irish lady Annie Besant played a major role in the initial phase of the development of Indian journalism. She only wrote in English language and wanted to establish a strong vernacular press in India which she hoped would rouse the nationalistic sentiments of Indians. Raja Ram Mohun Roy played a pivotal role in the growth of Indian journalism he wrote in Bengali and English. His name is inextricably intertwined with the nationalistic movement and Indian journalism. Mahatma Gandhi's contribution in national journalism is also very important in the history of Indian journalism. He used his two publications Navajeevan and Harijan to convey his feelings and thoughts to the public. His articles imbued people with nationalistic feelings. The press after independence has been enjoying freedom except for a short spell of period of emergency. The press has been witnessing a rapid change in India for a couple of years. The present book gives an insight of the evolution development and the present stage of Indian media.