Contents: Preface. 1. History, faith, politics: origin myths of Urdu and Hindi. 2. Remaking history, refashioning culture. 3. Beginning, then going away from home. 4. The birth of literary theory. 5. A true beginning in the north. 6. A phenomenon called Vali. 7. The 'New' literary culture. Index of names. "This pathbreaking work raises several new questions about Urdu literary culture and traces the origins and development of Urdu literary thought from circa 1300 to 1850. Not only does it challenge a number of established myths built around this theme over the past 200 years, but also destroys the myth of Delhi's hegemonic role in the development of Urdu literature. For instance, it successfully questions the notion that Urdu developed as a result of the interaction between Muslim 'invading armies' and the local populace, giving instead due credit to Gujarat, the Deccan, and other areas where Urdu literature developed earlier than in Delhi. In doing so, it restates the Urdu literary canon and puts in their proper place all the groups which had been marginalized by earlier historians. "This book also presents solutions to certain problems which have evaded resolution so far. For example, why did the Ustad-Shagird institution develop in Delhi in the eighteenth century, and not elsewhere at another time? How did the language, whose original names were Hindi, Hindvi, Gujri, Rekhta, and Dakani at various times and places, come to be known as Urdu from around the second half of the eighteenth century? "As an important intervention in the debate on issues relating

Reprint ed. 88p.; 24cm.

Contents Preface. 1. Electronic journal archiving. 2. Access and the preservation of digital archives. 3. Archiving and preserving e journals. 4. Digital preservation system. 5. Digitised collections. 6. Analysing metadata creation. 7. Digital library technology. 8. Web based information system. 9. Digital books and images. Bibliography. Index. Archiving is not a new concept to the librarians as they have been doing this since the libraries started acquiring printed material. Before the advent of electronic journals research libraries subscribed to printed journals provided access to and preserved these bibliographic resources in continual support of the research teaching and learning needs of their constituent communities. The introduction of electronic journals has transformed scholarly communication in extraordinary ways making it possible to disseminate research results more quickly to provide hyperlinked access to cited publications and to amplify text with images audio and video files datasets and software but it has also created a dilemma for libraries which now licence to access rather than own the journals to which they subscribe. The present book explores the significances and challenges of e journal archiving in library information systems. Besides teachers and students of library science librarians and managers of information centres will greatly benefit from the contents of this work.

Contents Introduction. 1. General awareness and reasoning. 2. General awareness in library science. 3. Library and society. 4. Library administration and management. 5. Library classification. 6. Cataloguing and indexing. 7. Information and information science reference service and bibliographical tools. 8. Library automation computer and information technology. 9. Research methodology. Bibliography. The book has been divided into nine chapters. It contains multiple choice objective type questions covering different aspects of library and information science. The questions cover both traditional librarianship as well as modern aspects such as information and information science library automation computers and information technology etc. At the end of each chapter solutions have been provided.